THE SWALLOW BIRD LAWYERS OR THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF THE LEGAL PROFESSION: THE VENEZUELAN CASE
Keywords:
internationalization of law, foreign lawyers, Venezuelan lawyersAbstract
The article argues that the law is more international or global than usually thought. The nationalization of law was mostly a 19th and early 20th century phenomenon, but law transplants and the circulation of legal ideas indicate that there was always an international element. More recently, the presence of foreign lawyers and international law firms and the study of law in foreign countries have accentuated the international character of law. The article studies in particular foreign lawyers and law professors in 20th century Venezuela and the more recent trend of Venezuelan lawyers migrating out of the country. The challenges for lawyers working abroad does not arise from the different set of rules but from cultural particularities.
Downloads
References
Bauman, Jon. (1999). Pioneering a global vision: the story of Baker & McKenzie, Chicago, Harcourt Professional Education Group.
Bohorquez, Julio Gaitán. (2002). Huestes de estado: la formación universitaria de los juristas en los comienzos de estado colombiano,Bogotá, Universidad del Rosario.
Capriles, Victoria&Pérez Perdomo, Rogelio.(2019). “Los abogados graduados en la Universidad Metropolitana de Caracas 2006-2016. Estudio de una cohorte profesional en tiempos de revolución”,Pedagogía Universitaria y Didáctica del Derecho, Vol. 6, No. 1,pp. 23-42.
Damaska, Mirjan. (1968). “A continental lawyer in an American law school: Trials and tribulations of adjustment”,University of Pennsylvania Law Review, No. 8,pp. 1363. Dezalay, Yves& Garth, Bryant. (1997). “Law, Lawyers and Social Capital:„Rule of Law'Versus Relational Capitalism”,Social & Legal Studies, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 109-
141.
Friedman, Lawrence Meir. (2001).“Erewhon. The coming global legal order”,Stanford Journal of International Law, Vol. 37, No. 2, pp.347-364.
Friedman, Laurence Meir. (2011). The human rights culture: A study in history and context,Nueva Orleans,Quid Pro Books.
Friedman, Lawrence Meir, Gómez, Manuel, & Pérez-Perdomo, Rogelio. (Eds.). (2011).
Law in many societies: a reader,Stanford,Standford Law Books.
Gil-McCawley, Diego, Ravid, Italy&Pérez Perdomo, Rogelio.(Encurso). The Stanford Program for International Legal Studies and the internationalization of Stanford Law School (títuloprovisorio).
Gómez, Manuel. (2020). “Beyond borders and across legal traditions: the transnationalization of Latin American lawyers”. En: Zumbagen, P. (Ed.).Oxford handbook of transnational law,Oxford,Oxford University Press. (De próxima aparición).
Gómez, Manuel, Guerrero Rocca, G. &Pérez Perdomo, Rogelio.(Encurso). The internationalizationand expatriation of Venezuelan lawyers.
Gómez, Manuel & Pérez-Perdomo, Rogelio. (2018). “Big law in Venezuela: from globalization to revolution”,Big law in Latin America and Spain. Globalization and
adjustments in the provision of high-end legal services, Londres, Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
Graham, Kyle. (2002). “The refugee jurist and the American Law Schools 1933-1941”, The American Journal of Comparative Law, Vol. 50, No. 4, pp. 777-818.
Jamin, Christophe. (2011). “Le droit desmanuels de droit oul‟art de traiter la moitié du sujet”. En: Chambost, Anne-Sophie. (Ed.). (2016).Histoire des manuels de droit, Paris,Libraire Générale de Droit et Jurisprudence.
Lazarus-Black, Mindie. (2017). “The voice of the stranger: foreign LL.M. students‟ experience of culture, law and pedagogy in U.S. law schools”. En: Nafziger, JamesA. R. (Ed.). (2017).Comparative law and anthropology, Cheltenham, Edward Edgar.
Le Bos, Yves-Edouard.(2019). “L‟enseignement du droit par l‟ „École de l‟Éxègese‟. Pourquoitantd‟ennui sur les bancs de l‟université” En: M.Cavina (a cura de): L’insegnamento del diritto (secoli XII-XX),Bologna,Il Mulino.
Martin Frechilla, Juan J. (2006).Forja y crisol, la Universidad Central, Venezuela y los exiliados.Localizadoen Internet. Aparentemente no publicadoformalmente.
Merryman, John. (1974). “Legal education there and here. A comparison”,Stanford Law Review, Vol 27,pp. 859.
Merryman, John Henry&Pérez Perdomo, Rogelio. (2019).The civil law tradition. 4th ed, Stanford, Stanford Univerisy Press.
Njaim, Humberto. (1980). “Del vislumbre al oficio. Testimonio de un discípulo de García Pelayo”. En:García-Pelayo, Manuel (1980). Libro homenaje a Manuel García- Pelayo, Vol. 1, Caracas, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Políticas.
Pereira Menaut, Antonio-Carlos. (2003).Rule of law o estado de derecho,Madrid,Marcial Pons.
Pérez Perdomo, Rogelio. (2001). “Oillawyers and theglobalization of Venezuelanoilindustry”. En:Appelbaum, Richard, Felstiner, William y Gessner, Volkmar. (Eds.).Rules and networks: The legal culture of global legal transactions,Oxford, Hart.
Pérez Perdomo, Rogelio. (2004). “Los abogados y la construcción de las naciones”,El derecho constitucional y público en Venezuela. Homenaje a Gustavo Planchart Manrique, Caracas, UCAB & Tinoco, Travieso, Planchart, Núñez.
Pérez Perdomo, Rogelio. (2018). “Educación jurídica y política en Venezuela revolucionaria”. En: González Mantilla, Gorki. (Ed.)La educación jurídica como política pública en América Latina, Lima, Palestra Editores.
Pérez Perdomo, Rogelio. (2019a). “Educación legal y culturas jurídicas: comparación, trasplantes y resistencias”,Pedagogía Universitaria y Didáctica del Derecho. Vol. 6, No. 12, pp. 21-35.
Pérez Perdomo, Rogelio. (2019b). “Lost in translation? Latin American lawyers-students in American law schools. Transplants and globalization”,Oñati Socio Legal Series, Vol, 9, No. 6, pp. 1078-1096.
Salazar Ugarte, Pedro. (2006).Democracia constitucional. Una radiografía teórica, México, Fondo de Cultura Económica y Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
Silva García, Germán. (2001).El mundo real de los abogados y la justicia. IV. Las ideologías profesionales, Bogotá, Universidad Externado de Colombia e Instituto Latinoamericano de Servicios Legales Alternativos.
Tungnirun, Arm. (2018).Practicing on the moon: globalization and the practice of foreign corporate lawyers in Myanmar, Stanford, Stanford University.
Vides, Marta, Gómez, Manuel, & Pérez Hurtado, Luis Fernando. (2011). “The American Way: Los abogados latinoamericanos como estudiantes de maestría en Estados Unidos de América”, Boletín Mexicano de Derecho comparado, Vol. 44, No. 130,
pp. 351-402.
Weiler, Joseph H. H. (2001).“The rule of lawyers and the ethos of diplomats: Reflections on the WTO dispute settlements”. En: Porter, Roger, Sauvé, Pierre, Subramanian, Arvind &BevigliaZampetti, Americo.(Eds.). Efficiency, equity and legitimacy. The multilateral trading system, Washington, Brookins Institution Press.
Wolf, Ernesto. (1945).Tratado de derecho constitucional venezolano, Caracas,Tipografía Americana.
Zimmermann, Reinhart. (2004). “The emigration of lawyers from Hitler‟s Germany: Political background, legal framework, and cultural context”. En: Beatson, Jack &
Zimmermann, Reinhart (Eds.). (2004).Jurists uprooted. German-speaking émigré lawyers in twentieth-century Britain, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
